[初二英语]Module 4 The natural elements Unit 3 Water Festival

Module 4  The natural elements  Unit 3  Water Festival

 

［教学过程］

重点词汇

allow        beware       contain        equal      form      gather

get on with        quest      ice-cube       iced        matter      milliliter

minus       player       plus      point     preparation      punch     shame

sound     suitable     turn into      while

 

not only...but also

这个连词的意思是“不但…而且…，不仅…而且”，重点在后者。

代词人称不同时，动词随后面的代词。如：

Lu Xun is famous not only in China but also in all the world.

He speaks not only English but also French.

He not only said it but did it.

Not only he but also I am invited

not only …but also… 两个分句时态要一样，当not only置于句首，前一个分句要倒装。

Not only ______ to us the importance of doing the work but they also told us the best way to do it.

A. did they explain                      B. they explained

C. they explain                           D. had they explained

 

look forward to的用法

短语动词look forward to（doing）sth. 意为期待着（做）某事，其中的to是介词，而不是动词不定式符号。如：

Boys and girls are looking forward to Children’s Day.

孩子们渴盼着儿童节。

He's looking forward to hearing from his daughter.

他期待着女儿的来信。

含有look的短语动词还有look for（寻找），look after（照看，照顾，负责处理），look back on（回顾，回想），look into（了解，调查研究），look out（for）（当心，注意），look over  z（翻阅，审校，检查），look round（回头望，查看）等。

 

时间状语从句

1. when引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当……的时候”，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用点动词。

eg.

He was working at the table when I went in .

Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping .

I will visit my good friend when I have time .

I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai .

注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。

eg.

I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help .

我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。

We were working in the chemistry lab , when the lights went out .

我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。

2. while引导的时间状语从句，常译为“与……同时，在……期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。

eg.

They rushed in while we were discussing problems .

Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games .

注：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。

eg.

I like listening to music , while my brother likes doing sports .

3. as引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当……的时候，一边……一边”。as的从句中可使用延续性动词，也可使用点动词。

eg.

He sang as he was working . 他一边工作一边唱歌。

As time goes by , we have a better understanding of things around us .

随着时间的推移，我们对自己周围的事物有了更好的理解。

4. before和after引导的时间状语从句，before强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，而after强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。

eg.

He had been a cook before he went to college .

He called me after he had finished his work .

注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例如上面的第二句可改成：

He called me after he finished his work .

5. as soon as引导的时间状语从句，译为“一……就……”。

eg.

He will go to see you as soon as he gets here .

She got everything ready as soon as she got to school .

6. since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。

eg.

We have made many dumplings since we began to cook .

We haven’t seen each other since we parted .

注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句   译为：自从……有多长时间了。

eg.

It is six years since she graduated from the university .

7. till和until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到……为止”，not … till / until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到……才”。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用点动词。

eg.

I will wait for my friend until / till he comes .

We won’t start our discussion until / till he comes .

 

either…or 与 neither…nor用法上的区别

either…or…表示两种可能性中任选一种，其后面必须连接两个相同的句子成份。例如：

The sentence can be either true or false.句子要么是对的要么是错的。

You can either come with me or walk home.

你要么跟我一块去，要么走回家去。

Either mum or I cook supper.要么我母亲要么我做晚饭。

neither…nor…连接两个相同的句子成分，表示否定的意思。动词的单复数形式与nor后的单词主谓语相一致。例如：

Neither Li Lei nor Wang Hai was there.李雷和王海都不在那里。

I neither watch TV nor listen to the radio.我既不看电视也不听收音机。

 

系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：

He fell ill yesterday.　

他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。）

He fell off the ladder.　

他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。

1）状态系动词

用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。

2）持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。

3）表像系动词

用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。

4）感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。例如：

This kind of cloth feels very soft.　这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet.　这朵花闻起来很香。

5）变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。

6）终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意。

 

must与have to辨析

I must do what you tell me.

You must come and visit me.

I have to go now.

We don’t have to go to school on Sunday.

 

among用作介词，意思是“在…中”，“在…范围内”。

1. We divided the apples among ourselves.

2. She is among my best friends.

3. He is popular among the people.

from among 从…中

He chose one from among the three books.

among与between辨析

The city lies among the mountains.

The city lies between the river and the mountains.

 

another 另一个，不同的 + 单数名词

        再，另外的 + 复数名词

1. That’s quite another matter.

2. The farm already has ten cows,but they are buying another five cows.

 

【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）

一、选择

1. I am quite surprised ____I saw her in the street.

A. after                     B. when                  C. while                 D before 

2. Water will turn ___ ice when we freeze it.

A. in                        B. to                       C. into                     D./

3. _____ Mary is grown up, it doesn’t mean that she can do whatever she likes.

A. Because                B. After                  C. Though              D. Since

4. You had better go home and feed the cat ______ it decides to bite the furniture.

A. until                     B. before                C. after                   D. when

5. Let’s begin our class ______ everybody is here.

A. although               B. until                   C. even if                D. now that

6. He was about to leave _______ I got there.

A. until                     B. when                  C. before               D. as soon as

7. _____ days went on, the weather got worse.

A. With                     B. Since                  C. While                 D. As

 

二、阅读理解

Your Passport(护照) Please!

Mr Hill arrives at London Airport, at the end of a three-week holiday in France. Usually he wears a beard(留胡须). Since it has been hot there, he has taken it off(剃掉). But his passport photo shows him with his beard.

An office looks at the photo for a moment, and says: “Will you excuse me? Please sit down. I shan't keep you long.” With this, he walks away, shows the photo to a second office, and says: “I know that face.” The second officer looks at the passport and asks where Mr Hill has come from. When he hears that Mr Hill has arrived back from Paris, the second officer smiled and says: “An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday, And that man looks just the kind of man ...”

Suddenly it comes to the first officer who Mr Hill is. He returns to him, and asks: “Did you teach at the No.2 High School?” When Mr Hill answers, in surprise, that he did, the first officer smiles and says: “I thought so. I'm Jack Smith. You taught me French. You haven't changed a bit.”

1. Mr Hill ____.

A. has just come back from the airport

B. is on his way to Paris

C. spent three weeks in Paris before he went to France

D. has been in France for three weeks

2. Mr Hill ____.

A. has a beard on his face but not in his photo

B. grew a beard while he was on holiday

C. has a beard in his photo but not on his face

D. took his beard off long before he went on holiday

3. The first officer is sure ____.

A. Mr Hill stole the painting

B. he has seen the face in the photo before

C. he knows the second officer's face

D. a man without a beard stole the painting

4. The second officer says that ____.

A. Mr Hill stole the painting

B. a man with a beard, from France, stole a painting in English

C. an Englishman took his beard off and stole a painting

D. a man with a beard, from England, stole a painting in Paris

 

 

【试题答案】

一、选择：

1—7  BCCBDBD

二、阅读理解：

1—4  DCBD

成。

责编：陈喆