[初二英语]上海牛津版Chapter 3

Chapter 3

 

重点词汇：

dial     diary     argue       argument       crowd       stare    steal

notice      handbag      follow        aboard      robbery railing       detail

handcuffs        noisily       amusing     permission     pleased       definitely

unusual       strange  ring       as     by      law      postcard        resize

report         deal        attack       arrest       smash      daring     gun

gang         towards       reach       writer  scientist          pretend

 

重、难点

wait for

Please wait for me.

shout at / shout to

Don’t shout at me.

He has to shout to her uncle because he is deaf.

stare at

Crusoe stared at it, full of fear.

happen / take place

The story happened a long time ago.

The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.

sth. happen to sb.

sb. happen to do sth.

It happened that… 

go on

Can somebody tell me what’s going on here?

rob / steal

rob sb.(sp.) of sth.

to steal sb’s th. / steal sth. from sb.( sp.)

The thief stole the watch from the old man.

They robbed the bank of 100,000 dollars.

start / begin

1)~~ + to do

2)~~ + V-ing

at first

At first, he knew nobody here but now he has many friends.

friendly

be friendly to

He is friendly to me.

run away

The young man run away quickly.

follow

1) Please follow me to see her.

2) = go along

Follow this road until we get to the post office.

3) = understand

Can you follow what I am saying?

afraid

1) be afraid of sth.(sb.)

2) be afraid of doing sth.

3) be afraid to do sth.

4) be afraid that- clause

hurry

1) hurry to a place

2) hurry up

3) in a hurry

put

1) put down

2) put up

3) put on

4) put off

5) put out

get off / get on

refer to

in the past – at present – in the future

in time / on time

else

pass the exam

fail (in) the exam

enter

1) I saw him enter the room.

2) Please do not enter without knocking at the door

a traffic jam

arrive / get to / reach

imagine

I can’t imagine he will attend the meeting.

finish

every day / everyday

decide

1) n / pron

2) to do

3) We must decide what to do with them.

remeber to do / remember doing

forget to do / forget doing

look round / around

hope

1) I hope you can visit China some day.

2) We hope to see you again.

3) In this we hope for your help.

 

I. 一般过去时的概念

　　一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。

　　例如：

　　①I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。

　　②Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。

 

II. 一般过去时的构成

　　我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。

　　动词过去式的构成：

　　(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

　　①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。

　　②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。

　　③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。

　　④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。

　　(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。

 

III. 一般过去时的几种句型

　　肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。

　　否定句结构为：主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如：He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。

　　一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：

　　Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如：

　　1) -Did you go to Beijing last week?

　　  -Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)

　　2) -Did you meet the businessman before?

　　  -No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.)

　　一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：

　　疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如：

　　1) -What did you do last night?

　　  -I did my homework.

　　2) -Where did you go last week?

-I went to Shanghai with my parents.

一般过去时的用法

　  ①一般过去时的基本用法

　★表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

　　He suddenly fell ill yesterday.

    昨天他突然生病了。

　　The engine stopped because the fuel was used up.

　　发动机因燃料用光而停机了。

　★表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

　　I wrote home once a week at college.

　　我上大学时每周给家里写一封信。

　　He was already in the habit of reading widely in his boyhood.

　　他童年时就养成了广泛阅读的习惯。

　  点　津　坊

　  表示过去的习惯性动作，除了用过去时外，还可以用used to或would来表示。

　  She used to study late into the night when she was in Senior Three.

　  她上高三时经常学习到深夜。

　  He would sit for hours doing nothing.

　  过去他常常一坐几个钟头什么事也不做。
 

　★表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。

　　She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully.

　　她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。

　　The students go up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.

　　学生们很早起床，做早操，然后在室外朗读英语。

　★在时间、条件状语从句中表示过去将要发生的动作。

　　We would not leave until the teacher came back.

　　老师回来我们才会离开。

　　She told me she would not go if it rained the next day.

　　她告诉我如果第二天下雨的话，她就不去了。

　  ②一般过去时的特殊用法

★在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。

　　It's time we went.

　　该是我们走的时候了。

　　I wish I were twenty years younger.

　　但愿我年轻20岁。

　　I would rather you didn't do anything for the time being.

　　我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。

　★在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气。

　　I wondered if you could give me a hand.

　　我想请你帮个忙。

　　Might I come and see you tonight?

　　我想今晚来看你，好吗？

　　一般过去时口诀

　　一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。

　　动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。

　　否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。

　　一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。

　　特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。

　　最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。

　　小朋友们口诀记，学会一般过去时没问题。

 

【模拟试题】（答题时间：40分钟）

一、用动词的现在完成时形式或一般过去时形式完成下面的句子。

1. We _______(live) in Beijing from 1985 to 1994,but we _______(move) to Shanghai now.

2. There is a great film at the cinema this week,_________(you/see) it ?-------Not this week , I _______(see) it in London last year .

3. When we were kids , we ________(go) to parks for our holidays ,but I _______(not) (be) back there for years .

4. A: This is Mary , I do not think you _______(meet) her .

B: Oh, yes ,we know each other well ,we_________(be) at school together .

5. A: I _______(try) to phone John , but he is not at home .

B: How strange ! He________(leave) work an hour ago .

 

二、用括号中动词的正确形式填空。

1. This is the nicest park I _____(see).

2. Three of my friends _________my town this year (leave).

3. I _______three letters today (write).

4. We _______a lot of tests this term.(have)

5. There _____ an earthquake in the north (be).

6. _______you ______your homework ? (do)

7. Oh , no ! I ______my key (lose)

8. My young son ______a lot this summer (grow).

 

三、用所给的词或词组填空。

too , enough , someone , anyone , have been to , have gone to

1. _________stole my purse when I was on the train .

2. It is an easy job , ______can do it .

3. It was _______ cold to go for a walk .

4. I am sorry . I have not got _______time to help you .

5. Tom is not in the office . He _______(go) to Beijing .

6. Where ______you ______? I have been to Shanghai .

 

四、用过去进行时或一般过去时填空。

Well, I _______(walk) along in the center of town , windows shopping , and somebody _______(walk) me to ask for directions . I _______(get) my map out of my bag to help him . He _________(stand) really close to me , and while I _______(look) in , I _______(feel)my bag move . Then I ________(realize) that he _______(have )his hand inside my bag , I _________(be ) too late , though . I _______(shout) and he ________(run ) away .

 

五、就划线部分提问。

1. He visited China last year .

2. We talked about the brochures last night .

3. I have been to Paris .

 

 

【试题答案】

一、1. lived, have moved    2. you have seen, saw    3.went, haven’t been

4. have met, were    5. tried, have left    

二、1. have seen   2.left   3. wrote   4. had   5.was   6. Have, done   7.lost   8. grew

三、1. Someone     2.  anyone    3. too    4.enough    5. has gone   6. have, been

四、was walking, walked, got, stood, was looking, felt, realized, had, was, shouted, ran

五、1. Where did he visit last year?

2. What did you talk about last night?

3. Where have you been?

 

 

 

责编：胡悦